Income, Poverty and Welfare

Co-designed and co-created with Londoners, the Civic Strength Index was developed by The Young Foundation in 2021 and funded by the GLA. It helps London boroughs and organisations support discussions about the strengths of their communities and consider how to build on them. Following expert review by WPI Economics, a second version of the index, with updated data and a more...

A heatwave refers to a prolonged period of unusually hot weather. While there is no standard definition of a heatwave in England, the Met Office generally uses the World Meteorological Organization definition of a heatwave, which is "when the daily maximum temperature of more than five consecutive days exceeds the average maximum temperature by 5°C, the normal period being 1961-1990"....